The genome sequence of the Eurasian river otter, Lutra lutra Linnaeus 1758 [version 1; peer review: 2 approved]

We present a genome assembly from an individual male Lutra lutra (the Eurasian river otter; Vertebrata; Mammalia; Eutheria; Carnivora; Mustelidae). The genome sequence is 2.44 gigabases in span. The majority of the assembly is scaffolded into 20 chromosomal pseudomolecules, with both X and Y sex chromosomes assembled

The genome sequence of the Eurasian river otter, Lutra lutra Linnaeus 1758.

We present a genome assembly from an individual male Lutra lutra (the Eurasian river otter; Vertebrata; Mammalia; Eutheria; Carnivora; Mustelidae). The genome sequence is 2.44 gigabases in span. The majority of the assembly is scaffolded into 20 chromosomal pseudomolecules, with both X and Y sex chromosomes assembled

Museum Collections are the Key to Studying Lemurs’ Diet: Gastrointestinal Morphology of \u3cem\u3eCheirogaleus major\u3c/em\u3e

This study reports the first description of the gastrointestinal (GIT) morphology of a lemur species (Cheirogaleus major É. Geoffroy, 1812) of the family Cheirogaleidae using a museum collection deposited at the Natural History Museum, London. Knowledge on GIT morphology is the key to assessment of the diet of animals, especially those that are highly threatened. Several studies predicted the demise of lemurs (\u3e100 species representing 20% of the world’s primate diversity) by 2080 unless the conservation community acts quickly. In this context, museum collections could provide valuable evidence on the biology of lemurs to underpin conservation protocols. The feeding ecology of the omnivorous Cheirogaleus major is poorly known due to its secretive periods of hibernation and daily torpor, nocturnal activity and solitary foraging habit. To better understand the biology of C. major, we described and compared its GIT morphology with those of six other species for which we have published data, especially the frugivore taxa (Eulemur coronatus Grey, 1842 and Varecia variegata Kerr, 1792). Our findings showed that C. major has a GIT morphology similar to those of E. coronatus and V. variegata. This is especially the case because of its caecum, which is short and only slightly sacculated suggesting that it is not suitable for microbial breakdown of plant cell wall (unlike those of Propithecus species, Lemur catta, and Hapalemur griseus). This result is in line with ecological studies suggesting that C. major obtains its protein and carbohydrate intake from fruits and to some extent arthropods and not from the digestion of leaves as previously hypothesized. In light of this new evidence, conservation programmes should account for both the lemur and its associated flora. Overall, this study demonstrates the unique potential of museum collections to study the nutritional ecology of threatened animals and their potential role in supporting conservation

Evolutionary ecomorphology of the Falkland Islands wolf Dusicyon australis

The Falkland Islands wolf Dusicyon australis is an extinct canid that was once the only endemic terrestrial mammal to inhabit the Falkland Islands. There is still a puzzling picture of the morphological adaptations of this wolf that quickly evolved from its mainland fossil ancestor: Dusicyon avus. We employ a geometric morphometric approach to identify patterns of skull shape variation in extant canids and Dusicyon spp. The Falkland Islands wolf and its fossil ancestor show a more carnivorous feeding morphology than other South American foxes, and they cluster morphologically with jackals. This supports convergence in skull shape between Dusicyon and Old World canids, although the convergence is not as strong as that exhibited by their sister hyper- and hypocarnivorous taxa.Fil: Meloro, Carlo. Liverpool John Moores University; Reino UnidoFil: Hunter, Jonathan. Liverpool John Moores University; Reino UnidoFil: Tomsett, Louise. Natural History Museum; Reino UnidoFil: Portela Miguez, Roberto. Natural History Museum; Reino UnidoFil: Prevosti, Francisco Juan. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Regional de Investigaciones Científicas y Transferencia Tecnológica de La Rioja. - Universidad Nacional de La Rioja. Centro Regional de Investigaciones Científicas y Transferencia Tecnológica de La Rioja. - Universidad Nacional de Catamarca. Centro Regional de Investigaciones Científicas y Transferencia Tecnológica de la Rioja. - Secretaria de Industria y Minería. Servicio Geológico Minero Argentino. Centro Regional de Investigaciones Científicas y Transferencia Tecnológica de La Rioja. - Provincia de La Rioja. Centro Regional de Investigaciones Científicas y Transferencia Tecnológica de La Rioja; ArgentinaFil: Brown, Richard P.. Liverpool John Moores University; Reino Unid

Pedomorphosis in the ancestry of marsupial mammals

International audienc

Diffuse Idiopathic Skeletal Hyperostosis in captive gorillas (Gorilla Spp.): Appearance and diagnosis

Diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis (DISH) is a disorder of unknown cause, in which new bone forms in soft tissues attached to the skeleton. Originally described in humans, in whom it is quite common, it is usually asymptomatic. New bone may completely bridge across joints, especially in the spine. However, it can be difficult to distinguish from diseases such as spondyloarthritis and spondylosis. With safer and increased use of radiography in diagnosis, the unfamiliar skeletal changes of asymptomatic DISH may now be coincidentally revealed during investigation of other disorders and result in misdiagnosis and unnecessary treatment. There have been case reports of its occurrence in great apes, but this is the first study to illustrate its appearances in a series of 11 skeletons of western and eastern lowland gorillas (Gorilla gorilla gorilla and Gorilla beringei graueri) from zoos in Europe and the United States. The study combines a review of available clinical and postmortem records with examination of the skeletons and radiologic investigation, such as computed tomography (CT). The results indicate that the disorder is probably common in older (>30 yr) captive gorillas, but that it is asymptomatic. It was not symptomatic during life in any of these animals. Several cases had unexpected features, such as extensive involvement of the thorax and extra-articular sacroiliac and tibiofibular joint fusions that are not typical in humans. By illustrating these skeletons, the study should aid differentiation of DISH from spondylosis (syn spondylosis deformans) and spondyloarhritis. It illustrates those features that are atypical of human DISH. CT scanning is valuable in such cases for examining diagnostically important areas such as sacroiliac joints. Increased awareness of DISH should help with understanding its cause, both in gorillas and humans

DIFFUSE IDIOPATHIC SKELETAL HYPEROSTOSIS IN CAPTIVE GORILLAS (GORILLA SPP.): APPEARANCES AND DIAGNOSIS.

Diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis (DISH) is a disorder of unknown cause, in which new bone forms in soft tissues attached to the skeleton. Originally described in humans, in whom it is quite common, it is usually asymptomatic. New bone may completely bridge across joints, especially in the spine. However, it can be difficult to distinguish from diseases such as spondyloarthritis and spondylosis. With safer and increased use of radiography in diagnosis, the unfamiliar skeletal changes of asymptomatic DISH may now be coincidentally revealed during investigation of other disorders and result in misdiagnosis and unnecessary treatment. There have been case reports of its occurrence in great apes, but this is the first study to illustrate its appearances in a series of 11 skeletons of western and eastern lowland gorillas (Gorilla gorilla gorilla and Gorilla beringei graueri) from zoos in Europe and the United States. The study combines a review of available clinical and postmortem records with examination of the skeletons and radiologic investigation, such as computed tomography (CT). The results indicate that the disorder is probably common in older (>30 yr) captive gorillas, but that it is asymptomatic. It was not symptomatic during life in any of these animals. Several cases had unexpected features, such as extensive involvement of the thorax and extra-articular sacroiliac and tibiofibular joint fusions that are not typical in humans. By illustrating these skeletons, the study should aid differentiation of DISH from spondylosis (syn spondylosis deformans) and spondyloarhritis. It illustrates those features that are atypical of human DISH. CT scanning is valuable in such cases for examining diagnostically important areas such as sacroiliac joints. Increased awareness of DISH should help with understanding its cause, both in gorillas and humans.Non